Antioxidant Activity of Lycopene
Due to its unique molecular structure containing 11 conjugated double bonds, lycopene is considered one of the most effective biological antioxidants found in nature. As an antioxidant, lycopene can protect cells and lipoproteins from oxidation by quenching singlet oxygen and scavenging peroxyl radicals. The double bonds in lycopene's structure enable it to delocalize unpaired electrons, making it very stable and effective at donating or accepting energy during oxidation reactions. This antioxidant activity helps protect lipids and other molecules from free radical damage which could otherwise lead to oxidative stress related diseases.
Potential Health Benefits of Lycopene
Several clinical studies have investigated potential health benefits of Tomato Lycopene intake including reduced risk of certain cancers like prostate cancer, heart disease, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Some key benefits that have been associated with lycopene include:
Prostate Cancer Risk - Higher intakes of lycopene from tomatoes or supplements has been linked to a reduced risk of both prostate cancer incidence and progression. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties may help protect prostate cells from oxidative damage.
Heart Disease - Lycopene's antioxidant properties may help reduce LDL cholesterol oxidation - a key event in the development of atherosclerosis. Intakes have been associated with reduced risk of heart attacks and coronary heart disease.
Age-Related Macular Degeneration - Higher lycopene intakes from the diet or supplements has shown protective effects against development and progression of AMD. Macular cells highly exposed to light are protected from oxidative blue light damage.
Cancer Prevention - Some evidence links lycopene intake to lower risks of cancers like lung, gastric, breast, endometrial and other cancers. Antioxidant and growth-regulatory properties may help prevent cancer initiation and progression.
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